Explains the workings of the codon translation chart which provides the keys to the structure of amino acids. Includes a widget where one can input a nucleotide triplet combination and see which amino acid it represents. Includes RNA and...

Gives the dictionary definitions for a lengthy list of terms used in botany.

Gives the dictionary definitions for a lengthy list of biology and microbiology terms.

A very detailed discussion of ATP. Looks at its structure, how it works, the reactions that take place that use it or produce it, the phosphocreatine system, glycolysis, the lactic acid cycle, aerobic respiration, the citric acid cycle,...

Explains what is meant by instantaneous velocity and the formula used to calculate it. Provides sample problems with solutions.

The Abyssal Zone lies deep in the ocean in the pelagic layer between 4,000 to 6,000 m or 13,000 to 19,500 ft. Learn about some of the unique life forms that call this zone their home, how they have adapted to the extreme pressure and...

Models how to write a similarity statement about different types of triangles and quadrilaterals.

Explains how to add exponents as well as other aspects of exponents including positive and negative exponents, rational exponents, zero exponents, power of power, and division of exponents. Includes practice problems with answers provided.

A detailed discussion of plate tectonics. Looks at continental drift, types of tectonic plates and plate boundaries, and primary and secondary tectonic plates.

Interspecific competition in an ecosystem is explained, along with the different ways it can manifest itself. Includes examples in different types of biomes.

Explains what surface and subsurface mining are, which ores are suited to each, their main differences, the types of mining within each category, and the advantages and disadvantages of surface and underground mining.

Learn how mutualism benefits the organisms in a symbiotic relationship and what the different types of mutualism are. Provides lots of examples.

Projectile motion is explained here. Includes a discussion of Newton's Second Law of Motion, the formulas used to make different calculations, real-life examples of projectile motion at work, and sample problems with solutions.

Discusses the pros and cons of nuclear energy.

The history of human evolution is described, from the first aquatic animals that developed the ability to walk on land and the pivotal organisms from then up to the present day. The author then goes on to make interesting predictions...

Divergent and convergent evolution are explained and their differences are highlighted.

Discusses the differences between endothelial and epithelial cells, including where they are found in the human body, their function, and their structure.

Proteoglycans are a type of protein that help in maintaining the integrity of connective tissue. Their chemical structure is quite complex and is explained here with the aid of labeled illustrations. Their functions in the support of...

Extremophiles are among the world's most fascinating organisms because they are able to survive in extreme conditions. Learn how extremophiles can thrive in highly acidic or alkaline conditions, under intense pressure or in extreme heat,...

Explains the importance of index fossils for the dating and chronology of events in the fossil and geological records. Discusses uses and examples of index fossils in the Cenozoic, Mesozoic, and Paleozoic Eras.

Learn about the important role that nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria play in the nitrogen cycle.

Explains what the four main modes of species formation are - allopatric, parapatric, peripatric, and sympatric speciation - and provides examples. A fifth possible mode, stasipatric speciation, is also discussed.

Presents a list of the fifteen worst natural disasters to strike the United States and its territories, along with descriptions, year, number of casualties, cost, and where each occurred.

Presents a list of the nineteen worst natural disasters to strike Japan, along with descriptions, year, number of casualties, and where each occurred. Japan has been hit by earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, typhoons, blizzards,...