Paul Andersen explains the final 6 of 13 AP Biology Labs. The following topics are included: Transformation, Restriction Analysis of DNA, Energy Dynamics, Transpiration, Animal Behavior, and Enzyme Activity.

Paul Andersen introduces the concept of ethology and contrasts kinesis and taxis. He explains the importance of courtship rituals in fruit flies. He finally shows you how to use a choice chamber to study behavior in pill bugs.

Join the Amoeba Sisters in exploring some general animal characteristics, major vocabulary used in classifying animals (such as symmetry, protostome vs deuterostome, cephalization, and coelom), and take a general tour of 9 major animal...

Join Pinky and Petunia in a cell types review game! This review game focuses on comparing cell characteristics of animals, plants, fungi, "protists," archaea, and bacteria. Clues may include prokaryote/eukaryote, autotroph/heterotroph,...

Paul Andersen briefly surveys members of the Domain Animalia. He begins with brief description of the phylogeny of animals. He then describes the characteristics of all animals, heterotrophy, multicellularity, motility and blastula. ...

Mr. Andersen describes the virtual fly lab. Software at sciencecourseware.org allows for multiple matings and statistical analysis.

The world is full of microbes and viruses that can get us sick, but we’ve got an Avengers-style defense system ready to take them on. In this episode of Crash Course Biology, we’ll learn about an animal’s immune system, from their skin...

Everywhere you look on Earth, you’ll find wonderful and diverse living things, from tiny tardigrades to soaring sequoias. And incredibly, everything alive today, and everything that’s ever lived, is related. In this episode of Crash...

Paul Andersen describes how plants and animals defend themselves against pathogens. He begins by discussing the hypersensitive response in plants as a nonspecific form of immune response. He then discusses both the humoral and...

Paul Andersen shows you how to calculate the ch-squared value to test your null hypothesis. He explains the importance of the critical value and defines the degrees of freedom. He also leaves you with a problem related to the animal...

If cells and organs never talked to each other, an animal would fall apart faster than a boy band after the popular one goes solo. Thankfully, that’s where the nervous and endocrine systems come in! In this episode of Crash Course...

Why do animals do what they do? It’s a huge question, and in this episode, we’ll learn how scientists break it down. We’ll talk about the proximate and ultimate studies they use to understand animal behavior, and some of what they’ve...

When it comes to animal reproduction, there’s no one-size-fits-all strategy. Some animals need a mate, others don’t, and for some, it depends! In this episode, we’ll learn about sexual and asexual reproduction, internal and external...

Join Pinky and Petunia of the Amoeba Sisters in a review game video! This video provides clues for the viewer to guess the cell organelle or structure before revealing it. As a bonus, towards the end of the video, you'll have the...

There are countless types of plants and animals on Earth, but how do they work? In this episode of Crash Course Biology, we’ll take a bird’s eye view of how multicellular life functions, including how it’s organized, how it regulates...

Paul Andersen explains how disruptions in homeostasis can affect biological systems at all levels. He uses the example of dehydration in animals to explain how disruptions at the cellular level can affect an organism. He also uses the...

Explore the process of osmosis in this updated Amoeba Sisters video! Video features real life examples of osmosis, important vocab, and introduces concept of water potential and turgor pressure in plant cells. Expand details for table of...

Explore the concept of biological evolution with the Amoeba Sisters! This video mentions a few misconceptions about biological evolution before providing a general definition. Then this video provides a description of four different...

Yep, this is the poop episode. Getting resources and getting rid of waste is so important, we have three whole systems dedicated to it! In this episode, we’ll learn how the respiratory system, digestive system, and urinary system work,...

When you think about the body’s infrastructure, you probably think of bones. But what about the heart, the blood vessels, and the lymphatic system? In this episode of Crash Course Biology, we’ll tour the cardiovascular, lymphatic, and...

Paul Andersen explains how organisms regulate timing and control. Phototropism and Photoperiodism allow plants to respond to light throughout the day and year. Circadian rhythms are used in all organisms (including animals) as an...

Table of Contents: 00:00 Intro 0:40 Some Examples of ATP Uses in Cell Processes 1:14 What is ATP? 1:52 How do we get ATP? 3:05 How does ATP work? Note: We received an excellent comment in an older video (about cellular respiration) that...

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