In the previous episode we discussed what happens when we use electrophilic aromatic substitution to add a group to a benzene ring, but what happens when you try to add even more groups? Well, things get a little more complicated. In...

Electrophiles are electron-poor species, often possessing a positive charge or an empty orbital, making them highly reactive in seeking electron pairs from nucleophiles. Common examples include positively charged ions like

𝐻+H + ...

With the Passerini and Ugi reactions down, let's learn one more multi-component reaction, the Biginelli reaction. Developed by Pietro Biginelli in 1891, this reaction produces pyrimidine derivatives. What's the mechanism? What are the...

One of the most important name reactions is the Mannich reaction, named after German chemist Carl Mannich, who developed it in 1912. In its original form, this takes formaldehyde, an enolizable ketone, and a secondary amine, and produces...

It explains chemical reactions of diazonium salts under two conditions.

Grignards are all over the place! Better make sure we can draw the correct products of Grignard reactions. Try these for practice.

Enolate chemistry is tricky business! You might get more products than you think. Give this one a shot.

This nugget explains methods of preparation of alkyl halides.

Defining nucleophiles, electrophiles, and leaving groups, and introducing the SN2 reaction.

Learn the basics about the chemical compound Benzene and its properties? Find out in this video!

Learn the basics about the properties and chemistry of benzene, as a part of organic chemistry. Benzene is an organic molecule. Benzene is a colourless liquid at room temperature. Its boiling point is 80 degrees C. It’s found naturally...