Substitution reactions can have really powerful effects, both good and bad, in our bodies. You might remember substitution reactions as displacement reactions from general chemistry, but (you guessed it!) in organic chemistry they’re a...

Have you ever wondered where cured meats like salami or pepperoni get their bright red color? Of course its from organic chemistry! A chemical called nitric acid gives them that bright color, while also increasing their shelf. It's also...

In learning about carbenes, we discovered the importance of diazomethane. So it will be a good idea to learn how to make this molecule, as well as some other things we can do with it, including something called the Arndt-Eistert...

In the previous tutorial, we learned about some five-membered aromatic heterocycles. Those were furan, thiophene, and pyrrole. Now let's learn about a six-membered one, pyridine. This one is ubiquitous in nature, so let's get the scoop...

Delta-Aminolevulinate Synthase (ALA Synthase): Physiology, Biochemistry, and Organic Mechanism

It's time to learn some name reactions! We've seen a lot of these already, but now we are going to hit several dozen more. First up, the Gabriel synthesis of primary amines. This is an old one, from 1887. Let's check out some old school...